Competing for Mates
During the rut, or mating season, males use their antlers to fight rivals and assert dominance. These contests often involve locking antlers and pushing against each other in displays of strength. The bigger, stronger rack usually signals a healthier, more dominant male — and that often means greater access to mates.
Visual Displays of Health
Antlers act like a billboard for health. Because they grow so quickly and require so many nutrients, only strong, well-fed animals can grow large, symmetrical antlers. Females recognize this and tend to favor males with the most impressive racks.
Protection
While antlers aren’t primarily for defense, they can be used to fend off predators or rivals when necessary. Their sheer size makes them intimidating and, in close encounters, effective tools of survival.
Seasonal Signals
Antlers also act as a calendar of sorts. Their growth and shedding follow predictable seasonal patterns, signaling changes in the animal’s life cycle and environment.